Rushton, A.W.A., Owen, A.W., Owens, R.M. & Prigmore, J.K. 2000. British Cambrian to Ordovician Stratigraphy. Geological Conservation Review Series No. 18, JNCC, Peterborough, ISBN 1 86107 4727.
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Pant-yr-hendre Quarry and the road extending 500 m northwards to the village of Meidrim (Mydrim) provides a section in which horizons from the top of the murchisoni Zone to the gracilis Zone are exposed. Much of the succession is in a more distal (graptolitic) facies than that cropping out at Dynevor Park, Llandeilo (see site report), and the lower part contains a mixed shelly–graptolite fauna affording correlation between these two facies.
Early descriptions of this section were given by Evans (1906) and by Strahan et al. (1909), who recognized the succession, established its nomenclature and listed characteristic fossils. No further descriptions, apart from a brief mention by Evans and Jones (1926), were given until Toghill (1970a) discussed the graptolite fauna and commented on correlation with the Llandeilo sequences at Llandeilo, Builth and Shelve. He noted the abundant occurrence of Glyptograptus (now Hustedograptus) teretiusculus (Hisinger) in the basal Hendre Shales, with sparser occurrences higher in the sequence, and the presence of Nemagraptus gracilis (Hall) in the Mydrim Limestone; Toghill rebutted earlier reports of N. gracilis within the Hendre Shales. Morris (in Toghill, 1970a, p. 122) suggested that the trilobite association appeared to be from 'the upper part of the Llandeilo Series'. Addison (in Williams et al., 1972, p. 35), having re-examined the trilobites, ascribed an early Llandeilo age to this fauna and also noted that N. gracilis had been identified by Toghill in his collections from exposures of the Hendre Shales near Ty Newydd Farm, 5 km WNW of Carmarthen, at horizons well below the level of the Mydrim Limestone, in association with the trilobite Lloydolithus boydii (Murchison). The latter is characteristic of the Lower Llandeilo Flags of the Llandeilo area. As a consequence, it was considered that much of the type Llandeilo at Llandeilo was of gracilis Zone age, as discussed further by Bergström et al. (1987, p. 303). The Ty Newydd occurrence of N. gracilis has been confirmed recently by Dr R. Bettley, who notes (pers comm., March 1998) that equivalent strata in the Meidrim Road section suffer from a very strong cleavage, which makes all the fauna difficult to identify, although thin graptolite stipes do occur. He states that 'correlation of the identifiable shelly species at Meidrim with those at Ty Newydd indicates very strongly that N. gracilis occurs in the middle Hendre Shales'. Thus, Toghill's (1970a) contention that N. gracilis does not occur below the Mydrim Limestone is now considered incorrect.
As well as having a mixed shelly–graptolitic fauna, the section in Pant-yr-hendre Quarry and adjacent exposures shows a continuous late Llanvirn–early Llandeilo sequence and is therefore a potential stratotype for the definition of the base of the latter (Fortey et al., 1991, p. 16), whether it is regarded as a series or, as in this work, adopted as a stage (see Fortey et al., 1991, 1995).
In Pant-yr-hendre Quarry, the beds dip north at about 45°
At the northern edge of the main quarry, the ashes pass up into a similar thickness of flaggy, bedded siltstones and shales, which have been called 'Llandeilo Flags'. They have yielded trilobites including Basilicus sp., Whittardolithus cf. inopinatus (Whittard) and Marrolithus sp., but according to Dr R. Bettley (pers. comm., March 1998) they are not equivalent to the Lower Llandeilo Flags at Llandeilo since they do not contain Lloydolithus lloydii; they are probably equivalent to the Ffairfâch Grits. These beds in turn pass upwards into the basal Hendre Shales, dark-grey shales with sporadic ashy siltstone horizons that have yielded abundant graptolites dominated by H. teretiusculus and trilobites including W. inopinatus, Cnemidopyge sp., Marrolithus inflatus Williams and Spirantyx calvarina Whittard. Younger horizons in the Hendre Shales are exposed in the road section to the north of the quarry. The lower 40 m have yielded Lloydolithus lloydii e.g. at
The contact between the Hendre Shales and Mydrim Limestone occurs at some level beneath the road at the cross-roads in Meidrim
The facies present in this section is of a more distal origin than that seen in the Llandeilo area, and the trilobite and graptolite faunas afford ready correlation with the succession in the Shelve district, although correlation with the Builth district is difficult (Dr R. Bettley, pers comm., March 1998). The quarry has the Basilicus tyrannus fauna immediately above the murchisoni graptolite zone, and the succeeding beds contain a good teretiusculus Zone fauna interbedded with Whittardolithus and Marrolithus trilobite assemblages (cf. Ffairfâch and Meadowtown sites (see site reports)). Furthermore the site affords a good section through the junction between the top of the Abereiddian Stage and the base of the Llandeilian; it is a good candidate for the formal definition of the latter stage.
This section is important because it exemplifies a more distal facies than is seen in the Llandeilo area and contains a mixture of shelly and graptolite faunas that allow correlation elsewhere, especially with the Shelve area in Shropshire. It affords a good candidate section for the formal definition of the junction between the Aber-eiddian and Llandeilian stages.